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Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov (Ukrainian: Сергій Павлович Корольов; Russian: Серге́й Па́влович Королёв), often transliterated less phonetically as Sergei Korolev[1] (January 12 [O.S. December 30 1906] 1907, Zhytomyr, now Ukraine – January 14, 1966, Moscow), was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. Unlike his counterpart in America, Wernher von Braun, Korolyov's pivotal role in the Soviet space program was kept a closely-guarded secret until after his death. Throughout his period of work on the program he was known to the people outside of the space industry only as the "Chief Designer".
Although trained as an aircraft designer, Korolyov's greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strategic planning. A victim of Stalin's 1938 Great Purge, he was confined for almost six years, including some months in a Siberian gulag. Following his release, he became a rocket designer and a key figure in the development of the Soviet ICBM program. He was then appointed to lead the Soviet space program, overseeing the early successes of the Sputnik and Vostok projects. By the time he died unexpectedly in 1966, his plans to compete with America to be the first nation to land a man on the Moon had begun to be implemented.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergey_Korolyov
www.answers.com/topic/sergei-korolev
www.thespacereview.com/article/781/1
www.britannica.com/eb/article-9046088/Sergey-Pavlovich-Korolyov
www.itwire.com.au/content/view/8563/1066/
